Lightroom
Anthony Morganti has good tutorials on using linear and radial gradients in Lightroom. Although these videos are 3 years old, I would still suggest his explanations as a starting point.
Scott Davenport explains the use of Spot Removal tool and choosing between Clone and Heal brushes. In new cloud version of Lightroom a similar tool is called Healing Brush.
Serge Ramelli explains the use of Brush tool in Lightroom.
AI-based masks and portrait editing in Lightroom.
Capture One Pro
Capture One Pro supports the use of layers for local adjustment brushes, clone and heal, linear and radial gradients.